The China Christian Council (CCC) was formed by Chinese Protestants in 1980 to coordinate church affairs, train leaders, print Bibles, and deal with pastoral matters. The CCC works at national, provincial and local levels to promote unity among Protestants. Bishop K. H. Ting, perhaps China's best-known church representative in the West, stepped down this year after 15 years as president of the CCC. The new president is Han Wenzao, a lay leader and former seminary administrator.

Bishop K.H. Ting, China's most visible church leader

The Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM)

The Three-Self Patriotic Movement (TSPM) Committee was formed by Protestants in 1954 to encourage patriotism and establish the Chinese church's independence from foreign mission boards. It promotes the principles of self-government, self-support and self-propagation, and acts as a liaison between Christians and the government. Luo Guanzong, a lay leader from an Anglican background, succeeded Bishop Ting this year as chairperson of the TSPM.

The Amity Foundation

The Amity Foundation, founded by Chinese Christians in 1985, is an independent Chinese voluntary organization that carries out social service ministries in health care, education, relief and rural development. Churches outside China, including the Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.), support Amity projects such as the printing of Bibles and hymnals and the Amity Teachers Program